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Artificial Intelligence: The Secret Weapon to Better Understanding, Mitigating Climate Change

Artificial Intelligence: The Secret Weapon to Better Understanding, Mitigating Climate Change

Scientists from NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies reported that May 2024 was the hottest May in NASA’s global surface temperature analysis, marking a full year of record-high monthly temperatures. That may come as no surprise to many of us braving the heat this summer in key regions across the country, along with wildfires, drought or extreme rainfall. 

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As I recently shared in an article for the Forbes Technology Council, artificial intelligence (AI) is rising to the climate change challenges and helping to solve them. From optimizing energy usage to predicting environmental changes, AI offers key applications that could significantly mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. Consider some of the following. 

Climate modelling for weather events. Machine learning algorithms can analyze massive datasets from various sources, such as satellite imagery, drones or weather stations, to detect environmental patterns and make predictions of weather impact with greater precision. For example, by understanding rising temperatures or extreme weather events, better resilience plans can be created, infrastructure can be designed in new ways and the urgency of creating new sources of renewable energy can be fast-tracked. 

A key challenge, however, is that the accuracy of AI is only as good as the data it’s trained on. As countries around the globe experience extreme weather events that are unprecedented, it’s critical that deeper collaboration and data-sharing occur to more effectively train AI algorithms to produce better insights.   

AI in greenhouse gas emissions. AI has the potential to mitigate five-to-ten percent of global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 according to a report from Boston Consulting Group. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide cover the Earth and trap the sun’s heat. AI-based machine learning and predictive analytics are now powering smart grids so that they can better optimize the distribution of electricity more efficiently. AI can predict energy demand by reviewing historical data or forecasting future weather events, so that energy companies can better manage balance supply and demand. 

More sustainable agriculture through AI. Farming has traditionally been a key producer of greenhouse gas emissions due to fertilizers that emit nitrous oxide, burning fields that produce carbon dioxide or cattle that produce methane gas. Analytics driven by AI, can leverage sensors, drones, and satellite imagery to automatically monitor crop health, soil conditions, and weather patterns and analyze the data to provide farmers with insights on the optimal use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides, minimizing waste and environmental impact.  

Additionally, AI can aid in developing climate-resilient crops by better understanding the genetic traits needed to withstand extreme weather conditions. Greater crop resiliency would help to address food security in the face of a changing climate. 

Extreme weather conditions are providing a glimpse into the ravaging effects of climate change, but we now have a smarter way to better understand and mitigate it. Enhanced climate modeling, optimized energy systems and sustainable agriculture are all being made possible with data-driven AI, which, when working alongside humans, can provide a new level of intelligence to protect the earth and all those who live on it.  

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